Thanks to http://www.audible.com/minuteearth for sponsoring this video. The title of this video changes every 10 seconds to reflect an estimate of the actual energy used just by people (like you!) watching it. Thanks to Jasper Palfree for doing the computer magic that makes that possible!

Thanks also to our supporters on https://www.patreon.com/MinuteEarth :
- Today I Found Out
- Maarten Bremer
- Jeff Straathof
- Mark Roth
- Tony Fadell
- Muhammad Shifaz
- 靛蓝字幕组
- Jagdtiger
- Alberto Bortoni
- Valentin
- Nicholas Buckendorf
- Antoine Coeur
___________________________________________

Credits (and Twitter handles):
Script Writer: Henry Reich (@MinutePhysics)
Script Editor: Alex Reich (@alexhreich)
Video Illustrator: Omkar Bhagat (@TheCuriousEnggr)
Video Director: Emily Elert (@eelert)
Video Narrator: Henry Reich (@MinutePhysics)
With Contributions From: Kate Yoshida, Ever Salazar, Peter Reich, Rachel Becker, David Goldenberg
Music by: Nathaniel Schroeder: http://www.soundcloud.com/drschroeder

_________________________________________

Like our videos?
Subscribe to MinuteEarth on YouTube: http://goo.gl/EpIDGd
Get early, exclusive access to our videos on Vessel: https://goo.gl/hgD1iJ
Support us on Patreon: https://goo.gl/ZVgLQZ

Also, say hello on:
Facebook: http://goo.gl/FpAvo6
Twitter: http://goo.gl/Y1aWVC

And find us on itunes: https://goo.gl/sfwS6n
___________________________________________

FYI: We try to leave jargon out of our videos, but if you want to learn more about this topic, here are some handy keywords to get your googling started:
Data – information, typically stored on computers via electrical signals
Electrons – small elementary particles that flow through wires to transmit power and data
Photons – small elementary particles of light that carry information from screens to your face
Local Metro Network – computer network on the scale of a city, town, neighborhood, etc
Live action video – a video recording of the real world (people, scenery, etc) created using a camera
Data compression – storing data (pictures, video, text files, etc) in less space than the way it’s normally displayed. Kind of like a modern version of microfilm. Or words.
Illustrated video – video created using computer software to generate still images, kind of like a fancy powerpoint slideshow
Gangnam style – https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9bZkp7q19f0
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References:

Assessing Internet energy intensity: A review of methods and results: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0195925513001121

The Energy Intensity of the Internet: Home and Access Networks: http://publicationslist.org/data/lorenz.hilty/ref-229/2014_Coroama_Schien_Preist_Hilty_Energy_Intensity_Internet_Home_Access.pdf

The Energy Intensity of the Internet: Edge and Core Networks: http://publicationslist.org/data/lorenz.hilty/ref-229/2014_Coroama_Schien_Preist_Hilty_Energy_Intensity_Internet_Home_Access.pdf

Emerging Trends in Electricity Consumption for Consumer ICT:
http://tinyurl.com/h69uvma

Average energy use of American home: https://www.eia.gov/tools/faqs/faq.cfm?id=97&t=3

Typical wattages of everyday electronics: https://www.gozolt.com/blog/power-devices-consume/

Energy in AA Batteries: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/AA_battery

tablet energy use:
http://tinyurl.com/zy8jcle
http://tinyurl.com/j8for2u
http://tinyurl.com/zy8jcle
http://tinyurl.com/o2u2y9m

Hidden energy costs online: http://tinyurl.com/zh93kwq

Average computer energy use:
http://tinyurl.com/gsqzdz6 (~100W)
http://tinyurl.com/z9c92fs

Estimate to transfer 1Mb of data (average efficiency): http://tinyurl.com/jb2od4k

Energy efficiency of internet: http://tinyurl.com/jq5hndm

Broadband usage guide: http://tinyurl.com/gmezjkg

Get a 2-meal discount from Blue Apron here: http://cook.ba/1W7fRdC
The Survey Results: http://bit.ly/29boaUB

If you liked this week’s video, we think you might also like this blog post about asparagus pee: http://bit.ly/1TOEBHZ

FYI: We try to leave jargon out of our videos, but if you want to learn more about this topic, here are some handy keywords to get your googling started:
Asparagus: a delicious, edible plant
Odor: a smell, aroma
Gas chromatography: a scientific technique used to separate and analyze compounds
Sulfur: a yellow chemical element with the symbol S
Asparagusic Acid: a sulfur containing compound present in asparagus

People featured in this video:
- Marcel Proust
- Benjamin Franklin
- John Arbuthnot
___________________________________________

Thanks to our supporters on https://www.patreon.com/MinuteEarth :
- Today I Found Out
- Maarten Bremer
- Jeff Straathof
- Mark Roth
- Tony Fadell
- Muhammad Shifaz
- 靛蓝字幕组
- Jagdtiger
- Alberto Bortoni
- Valentin
- Nicholas Buckendorf
- Antoine Coeur
___________________________________________

Credits (and Twitter handles):
Script Writer: Rachel Becker (@RA_Becks)
Script Editor: Kate Yoshida (@KateYoshida)
Video Illustrator: Ever Salazar (@eversalazar)
Video Director: Emily Elert (@eelert)
Video Narrator: Kate Yoshida (@KateYoshida)
With Contributions From: Henry Reich, Alex Reich, Omkar Bhagat, Peter Reich, David Goldenberg
Music by: Nathaniel Schroeder: http://www.soundcloud.com/drschroeder

Image Credits: Purple, white and green asparagus - iStock.com/PicturePartners

Viceroy Butterfly - Wikimedia user PiccoloNamek
https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Viceroy_Butterfly.jpg

Eggs and Asparagus - Michelle Hooton (used with permission)
https://www.flickr.com/photos/_hoot/8636916522

_________________________________________

Like our videos?
Subscribe to MinuteEarth on YouTube: http://goo.gl/EpIDGd
Get early, exclusive access to our videos on Vessel: https://goo.gl/hgD1iJ
Support us on Patreon: https://goo.gl/ZVgLQZ

Also, say hello on:
Facebook: http://goo.gl/FpAvo6
Twitter: http://goo.gl/Y1aWVC

And find us on itunes: https://goo.gl/sfwS6n

___________________________________________

References:

Eriksson, N., Macpherson, J. M., Tung, J. Y., Hon, L. S., Naughton, B., Saxonov, S., . . . Mountain, J. (2010). Web-Based, Participant-Driven Studies Yield Novel Genetic Associations for Common Traits. PLoS Genetics PLoS Genet, 6(6). Retrieved from http://journals.plos.org/plosgenetics/article?id=10.1371/journal.pgen.1000993

Mitchell, S. C. (2001). Food Idiosyncrasies: Beetroot and Asparagus. Drug Metabolism & Disposition, 29(4), 539-543. Retrieved from http://dmd.aspetjournals.org/content/29/4/539.full#ref-62

Mitchell, S. C., & Waring, R. H. (2014). Asparagusic acid. Phytochemistry, 97, 5-10. Retrieved from http://www.silae.it/files/Asparagusic acid.pdf

Pelchat, M. L., Bykowski, C., Duke, F. F., & Reed, D. R. (2010). Excretion and Perception of a Characteristic Odor in Urine after Asparagus Ingestion: A Psychophysical and Genetic Study. Chemical Senses, 36(1), 9-17. Retrieved from http://chemse.oxfordjournals.org/content/early/2010/09/27/chemse.bjq081.full.pdf

Waring, R. H., Mitchell, S. C., & Fenwick, G. R. (1987). The chemical nature of the urinary odour produced by man after asparagus ingestion. Xenobiotica, 17(11), 1363-1371. Retrieved from http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.3109/00498258709047166

A big thank-you to our supporters on Patreon https://www.patreon.com/MinuteEarth :
- Today I Found Out
- Maarten Bremer
- Jeff Straathof
- Mark Roth
- Tony Fadell
- Muhammad Shifaz
- 靛蓝字幕组
- Maletendo Bezenga
- Kapero
- Zarko Obrenovic
- Duhilio Patiño
- Alberto Bortoni
- Valentin
- Nicholas Buckendorf
- Antoine Coeur
___________________________________________

Credits (and Twitter handles):
Script Writer: Alex Reich (@alexhreich)
Script Editor: Henry Reich (@MinutePhysics)
Video Illustrator: Omkar Bhagat (@TheCuriousEnggr)
Video Director: Emily Elert (@eelert)
Video Narrator: Emily Elert (@eelert)
With Contributions From: Kate Yoshida, Ever Salazar, Peter Reich, Rachel Becker, David Goldenberg
Music by: Nathaniel Schroeder: http://www.soundcloud.com/drschroeder
_________________________________________

Like our videos?
Subscribe to MinuteEarth on YouTube: http://goo.gl/EpIDGd
Get early, exclusive access to our videos on Vessel: https://goo.gl/hgD1iJ
Support us on Patreon: https://goo.gl/ZVgLQZ

Also, say hello on:
Facebook: http://goo.gl/FpAvo6
Twitter: http://goo.gl/Y1aWVC

And find us on itunes: https://goo.gl/sfwS6n
___________________________________________

If you liked this week’s video, we think you might also like these things:

Rohrlich, J. (2015). Should Society Start Contacting the Amazon's Uncontacted Tribes?. VICE News. https://goo.gl/b3hfmR

Kluger, J. (2015). Is It Ethical to Leave Uncontacted Tribes Alone? Time Magazine. http://time.com/3909470/tribes-uncont...

Survival International Q+A about “Uncontacted Tribes”: http://goo.gl/x9D9PB

Glob, A. 2008. Are there ‘uncontacted tribes’? The short answer: No. Savage Minds Blog. http://goo.gl/ihWUyw

FYI: We try to leave jargon out of our videos, but if you want to learn more about this topic, here are some handy keywords to get your googling started:

- isolated peoples: peoples living without significant contact with global civilization, either by choice or circumstance
- uncontacted peoples: another term for isolated peoples, even though most isolated peoples have actually been in some form of contact with global civilization
- forest peoples: indigenous peoples who live in and depend on forests for their livelihoods
- first contact: the first meeting of two cultures previously unaware of one another
- controlled contact: a planned, organized first contact involving health care professionals and cultural translators
- no-contact approach: a policy to leave isolated peoples alone
- Prime Directive: a Star Trek guiding principle prohibiting Starfleet personnel from interfering with the internal development of alien civilizations
- self-determination: the right of a people to freely choose their political, economic, social, and cultural systems without interference
- autonomy: the right or condition of self-government and expression of aspirations free from external control or influence
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References:

Feather, C. (2015). Isolated tribes: Contact misguided. Science (New York, NY), 349(6250), 798-798. http://goo.gl/BPL2RX

Lawler, A. (2015). Making contact. Science, 348(6239), 1072-1079. http://science.sciencemag.org/content...

Pringle, H. (2015). In peril. Science, 348(6239), 1080-1085. http://science.sciencemag.org/content...

Walker, R. S., & Hill, K. R. (2015). Protecting isolated tribes. Science,348(6239), 1061-1061. http://science.sciencemag.org/content...

Walker, R. S., & Hill, K. R. (2016). Personal communication.

News Article about the Science magazine feature: http://goo.gl/rpIFyZ

Articles about recent Brazil & Peru First Contacts:

Fraser, B. (2014). Controversial Peru gas project expansion gets go-ahead. Thomson Reuters Foundation. http://goo.gl/J4d6zt

Fraser, B. (2015). Isolated tribespeople receiving care after violent contact in Brazil. Science Magazine News. http://goo.gl/K6A01W

Hill, D. (2014). Gas firm to move deeper into reserve for indigenous people in Peru. The Guardian. http://goo.gl/6JJDZ4

Nuwer, R. (2014). Anthropology: The sad truth about uncontacted tribes. BBC Future. http://goo.gl/nEkGLC

Pringle, H. (2014). Uncontacted tribe in Brazil emerges from isolation. Science, 345(6193), 125-126. http://science.sciencemag.org/content...

Pringle. H. (2014). Video of tribe's first contact shows both tension and friendly overtures. Science Magazine News. http://goo.gl/lH8WhA

Tharoor, I. (2015). Do the world’s ‘uncontacted’ tribes deserve to be left alone? Washington Post. https://goo.gl/6Qeiyb